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Portal Excmo. Ayuntamiento de Écija
Ecija’s Town Council
Tourist Departament
 Front Page
  Tourism
  Heritage
  Mosaics

ROMAN MOSAICS OF ÉCIJA


The Roman mosaics of Ecija constitute ones of the most significative sets of Roman Hispania and maybe of the whole Roman Empire because of their number and artistic quality up to the point of the possibility of proposing the existence of a local mosaic artists workshop.
The archaeological excavations taken at the town centre reveal that many urban houses of the oligarchy that dwelt at the Colonia Augusta Firma Astigi between the IInd and the IIIrd centuries AD were richly paved with mosaics as well as decorated with mural paintings and works of art. 
The mosaics paved the main rooms of the rich houses and used to be decorated with geometrical designs and mythological scenes, being abundant the ones related to the god Bacchus or Dionysus, linked to life, food and wine enjoyment.
Only the size and quality of some of these mosaics give us a good idea of the Roman Astigi domi –or houses- richness.
Moreover, Ecija’s mosaics stand out because of their rich polichromy, the careful figures’ shaping and pictorial effects and very often because of the general use of tesserae of pâte de verre (a kind of pressed glass) that confers a brighter colour and a characteristic refinement shade.
The best ones can be contemplated at the Museo Historico Municipal (Municipal History Museum) -which is developing since 1999 an active conservation and restoration work, besides they take part at several international projects on mosaics. They also can be watched at Ecija’s Town Hall Chapterhouse (1 of Espana Square) and the Archaeological Museum of Seville or, even in situ at the Cerro del Alcazar or San Gil (“El Picadero”).
Some of these mosaics can be considered totally singular, as the one that was recently discovered at the number 35 of the Miguel de Cervantes Street, with a seasonal theme, also the “Gift of Wine” mosaic –chosen to be representative of the archaeological richness of the Baetica at the Universal Exposition of Seville, 1992- or two of the large mosaics showing “The Triumph of Bacchus”.

Bibliography (to know a bit more about Ecija’s mosaics):

FERNÁNDEZ GÓMEZ, F. 1998: “Un conjunto musivario excepcional en Écija”, Revista de arqueología, 207: 32-41.

LÓPEZ MONTEAGUDO, G. 1998: “Sobre una particular iconografía del triunfo de Baco en dos mosaicos romanos de la Bética”, Anales de arqueología cordobesa, 9: 191-222.

2001: “Los mosaicos romanos de Écija (Sevilla. Particularidades iconográficas y estilísticas”, en PAUNIER, D. y SCHMIDT, C. (eds.) La mosaïque gréco-romaine VIII. Actes du VIIIème Colloque International pour l’Étude de la Mosaïque Antique et Médiévale. Lausana: 130-146.

  SOME OF THE BEST ÉCIJA’S ROMAN MOSAICS



MUNICIPAL HISTORY MUSEUM:

“THE GIFT OF WINE” MOSAIC (MOSAICO DEL "DON DEL VINO")

DESCRIPTION AND INTERESTING INFORMATION

Don del Vino


It dates back to ca. the IInd century AD.
It comes from excavations at the Espiritu Santo Street and Barrera de Onate (Ecija, 1990)

On this splendid polychrome mosaic a Dionysian entourage with the god child Bacchus riding a panther and scenes related to the myth of the discovering of wine making, a divine gift. 
The careful figures shaping and its exceptional pictorial quality made this mosaic to be chosen to be shown at an outstanding place of the Andalusian Pavilion of the Universal Exposition in Seville, 1992.


“THE TRIUMPH OF BACCHUS” MOSAIC (MOSAICO DEL TRIUNFO DE BACO)

DESCRIPTION AND INTERESTING INFORMATION

Triunfo de Baco


It dates back to ca. mid-IInd century AD.
It comes from Ecija’s Plaza de Santiago (St. James’ Square)
At the emblem or central medallion Bacchus is represented on a quadriga drawn by centaurs; around them, there are allegorical figures of the seasons and Greek mythology scenes (Leda and the Swan, Orpheus and one Muse, one of the Dioscuri). 



“THE SEASONS OF THE YEAR” MOSAIC
(MOSAICO DE LAS ESTACIONES DEL AÑO)

DESCRIPTION AND INTERESTING INFORMATION

Las Estaciones del Año


It dates back to the second half of the IInd century AD or the early IIIrd century (AD).
It comes from Ecija’s excavations at the number 35 of the Miguel de Cervantes avenue, 2003-2004
This peculiar polychrome mosaic theme is related to the year’s seasons:  at the central octagon it is shown the apotheosis of the god Annus ("Year”), Romans’ personification of the yearly cycle, sitting on a throne between two winged Victories, surrounded by allegories of the four seasons, as baskets full of fruits from each season and cupids or love gods with the corresponding attributes as well as animals and birds typical of each season: one wild boar and some ducks (winter), a bull, a dove and a swallow (spring), a lion, a partridge and a bee-eater (summer)...
Each season groups are separated by a blowing figure, a possible allegory to the winds.  
Two borders make a box for the central composition: the first border has vegetable rolls, lilies, swans, masks and felines heads (one of god Bacchus symbols); the second has geometrical motifs. 



 

OCEAN’S MOSAIC (MOSAICO DEL OCEANO)

DESCRIPTION AND INTERESTING INFORMATION

Las Estaciones del Año


The Mosaic about “The Ocean” was found during the excavations at the Plaza de España.





ECIJA’S TOWN HALL CHAPTERHOUSE:

MOSAIC WITH THE MYTHOLOGICAL SCENE OF QUEEN DIRCE’S PUNISHMENT

DESCRIPTION AND INTERESTING INFORMATION
Castigo Reina Dirce

 

It dates back to ca. the IIIrd century AD.
It comes from the former Convent of la Merced (Ecija)
It shows a scene of the Greek mythology: Queen Dirce punished by her stepsons to be torn to pieces by a bull’s horns as she had usurped their mother the throne of Thebes. 





ARCHEOLOGICAL MUSEUM OF SEVILLE:

“THE TRIUMPH OF BACCHUS” MOSAIC (MOSAICO DEL TRIUNFO DE BACO)

DESCRIPTION AND INTERESTING INFORMATION
Triunfo de Baco


It dates back to ca. the IIIrd century AD.
It comes from the number 22 of the Miguel de Cervantes Street (Ecija)
At this large-sized mosaic, god Bacchus is represented riding on a tiger-drawn chariot with a triumphal following.



In situ: Alcazar’s Place of Arms
(San Gil Hill or "El Picadero"):

DOUBLE MOSAIC

DESCRIPTION AND INTERESTING INFORMATION
Mosaico doble

move the mouse over the image to watch the effect


This extraordinary mosaic shows an optical illusion: if you look at it from one side, you will see an old, bald and bearded man; if you look at it from the other side, you will see a boy.
They are both characters related to Bacchus’ following (the old man is a silenus and the boy could be the same god, both of them wearing bacchic attributes such as the shepherd’s crook or the tympanon or bacchic tambourine).
This mosaic is preserved in situ as a part of the future Place of Arms “Archaeological Park”, that will allow the public to visit an interesting sequence of vestiges starting from the primitive Iberian-Turdetano settlement of Astigi, the Roman period, up to the medieval Alcazar or Fortress.



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