The Roman mosaics of Ecija constitute ones of the most significative sets of Roman Hispania and maybe of the whole Roman Empire because of their number and artistic quality up to the point of the possibility of proposing the existence of a local mosaic artists workshop.
The archaeological excavations taken at the town centre reveal that many urban houses of the oligarchy that dwelt at the Colonia Augusta Firma Astigi between the IInd and the IIIrd centuries AD were richly paved with mosaics as well as decorated with mural paintings and works of art.
The mosaics paved the main rooms of the rich houses and used to be decorated with geometrical designs and mythological scenes, being abundant the ones related to the god Bacchus or Dionysus, linked to life, food and wine enjoyment.
Only the size and quality of some of these mosaics give us a good idea of the Roman Astigi domi –or houses- richness.
Moreover, Ecija’s mosaics stand out because of their rich polichromy, the careful figures’ shaping and pictorial effects and very often because of the general use of tesserae of pâte de verre (a kind of pressed glass) that confers a brighter colour and a characteristic refinement shade.
The best ones can be contemplated at the Museo Historico Municipal (Municipal History Museum) -which is developing since 1999 an active conservation and restoration work, besides they take part at several international projects on mosaics. They also can be watched at Ecija’s Town Hall Chapterhouse (1 of Espana Square) and the Archaeological Museum of Seville or, even in situ at the Cerro del Alcazar or San Gil (“El Picadero”).
Some of these mosaics can be considered totally singular, as the one that was recently discovered at the number 35 of the Miguel de Cervantes Street, with a seasonal theme, also the “Gift of Wine” mosaic –chosen to be representative of the archaeological richness of the Baetica at the Universal Exposition of Seville, 1992- or two of the large mosaics showing “The Triumph of Bacchus”.
Bibliography (to know a bit more about Ecija’s mosaics):
FERNÁNDEZ GÓMEZ, F. 1998: “Un conjunto musivario excepcional en Écija”, Revista de arqueología, 207: 32-41.
LÓPEZ MONTEAGUDO, G. 1998: “Sobre una particular iconografía del triunfo de Baco en dos mosaicos romanos de la Bética”, Anales de arqueología cordobesa, 9: 191-222.
2001: “Los mosaicos romanos de Écija (Sevilla. Particularidades iconográficas y estilísticas”, en PAUNIER, D. y SCHMIDT, C. (eds.) La mosaïque gréco-romaine VIII. Actes du VIIIème Colloque International pour l’Étude de la Mosaïque Antique et Médiévale. Lausana: 130-146.
SOME OF THE BEST ÉCIJA’S ROMAN MOSAICS
MUNICIPAL HISTORY MUSEUM:
“THE GIFT OF WINE” MOSAIC (MOSAICO DEL "DON DEL VINO")
DESCRIPTION AND INTERESTING INFORMATION
“THE TRIUMPH OF BACCHUS” MOSAIC (MOSAICO DEL TRIUNFO DE BACO)
DESCRIPTION AND INTERESTING INFORMATION
“THE SEASONS OF THE YEAR” MOSAIC
(MOSAICO DE LAS ESTACIONES DEL AÑO)
DESCRIPTION AND INTERESTING INFORMATION
OCEAN’S MOSAIC (MOSAICO DEL OCEANO)
DESCRIPTION AND INTERESTING INFORMATION
ECIJA’S TOWN HALL CHAPTERHOUSE:
MOSAIC WITH THE MYTHOLOGICAL SCENE OF QUEEN DIRCE’S PUNISHMENT
DESCRIPTION AND INTERESTING INFORMATION
ARCHEOLOGICAL MUSEUM OF SEVILLE:
“THE TRIUMPH OF BACCHUS” MOSAIC (MOSAICO DEL TRIUNFO DE BACO)
DESCRIPTION AND INTERESTING INFORMATION
In situ: Alcazar’s Place of Arms
(San Gil Hill or "El Picadero"):
DOUBLE MOSAIC
DESCRIPTION AND INTERESTING INFORMATION
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